Thinking and intelligence

Black and white photo of a military officer in profile wearing a uniform and cap against a blurred landscape background.

Why some of the smartest people can be so very stupid

Struggling to understand is perfectly honourable. Being wilfully stupid is something else and we should strive to fix it

by Sacha Golob

Illustration of a woman on a bench by a cityscape with a red sun and blooming branches, conveying serenity and nature.

How to foster ‘shoshin’

It’s easy for the mind to become closed to new ideas. Cultivating a beginner’s mind helps us rediscover the joy of learning

by Christian Jarrett

Close-up photo of a mushroom in an autumn forest surrounded by fallen leaves and trees in the background.

The fungal mind: on the evidence for mushroom intelligence

The evidence for fungal intelligence is in: they can operate as individuals, make decisions, learn, and have short-term memory

by Nicholas P Money

Silhouette of a person sitting on a docked boat at sunset with a bridge and mist in the background, photograph.

How to think clearly

By learning to question and clarify your thoughts, you’ll improve your self-knowledge and become a better communicator

by Tom Chatfield

Bronze statue head with curly hair and beard on black background, depicting a solemn expression, sculpture.

Lost perspective? Try this linguistic trick to reset your view

By using ‘distanced self-talk’, you can leverage the structure of language to take a step back and see the bigger picture

by Ariana Orvell

A girl walks towards a woman on a pavement with a grey building in the background, casting shadows from a tree.

Talking out loud to yourself is a technology for thinking

Talking out loud to oneself is a technology for thinking that allows us to clarify and sharpen our approach to a problem

by Nana Ariel

Black and white photo of people in a bustling bar, a man lighting a cigarette at a table with drinks and snacks.

How to think like a detective

The best detectives seem to have almost supernatural insight, but their cognitive toolkit is one that anybody can use

by Ivar Fahsing

Photo of a man sitting on grass near a bridge with people relaxing and walking in a park setting.

Being alone with your thoughts is a skill you can practise

People go to extreme lengths to avoid time with their own thoughts. We’ve found some ways to make it more pleasurable

by Rémy Furrer

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How to think for yourself

Schopenhauer and Proust can help you find inspiration from your favourite writers while also retaining an independent mind

by David Bather Woods

Impressionist painting of a figure standing by the sea, observing a distant boat. The scene is enveloped in blue tones with a serene, misty atmosphere.

The philosophical roots of CBT help explain its limitations

Not all psychological problems are thinking problems. Trying to solve them purely cognitively, with CBT, won’t help us mature

by Bradley Murray

Painting of a woman with reddish hair and flushed cheeks holding a white cloth to her mouth, with a soft, blurred background.

How to know who’s trustworthy

Knotty problems call for sound advice. Use philosophy to find the intellectually dependable amid the frauds and egotists

by T Ryan Byerly

Photo of a cafe interior with a man sitting alone reading, sunlight casting shadows others using phones, cyclist passing outside.

In praise of habits – so much more than mindless reflexes

Rather than mindless mechanisms for routines, habits are a species of belief that display a great deal of intelligence

by Ian Robertson & Katsunori Miyahara

Photo of a market stall with various fish types displayed on ice, each with a price tag indicating cost per kilogram.

How to think like a Bayesian

In a world of few absolutes, it pays to be able to think clearly about probabilities. These five ideas will get you started

by Michael G Titelbaum

Photo of two children sitting on a wooden fence in a rural field under a clear blue sky.

The fence is uncomfortable, but it affords the best view

Ambivalence is often misconstrued as flakiness. In fact, recognising both sides of an argument fosters empathy and insight

by Iris Schneider

Photo of a man in a crowd wearing a large letter Q with the American flag pattern. Many people wear red hats.

How conspiracy theories bypass people’s rationality

Prior research has focused on the negative reasons people are drawn to conspiracies, but there’s another side to the story

by Jan-Willem van Prooijen

Photo of a paint colour swatch booklet with various shades of blue, yellow and neutral tones in rectangles.

How to use ‘possibility thinking’

Have you hit an impasse in your personal or professional life? Answer these questions to open your mind to what’s possible

by Constance de Saint Laurent & Vlad Glăveanu